The Verb Blîven in Middle Low German: A Corpus-Based Analysis of its Semantics in Combination with Present Participles and Infinitives

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Journal of Germanic Linguistics·2026-04-07·Peer-reviewed·View original paper ↗·Follow this topic (RSS)
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  • ✔ Peer-reviewed source
  • ✔ Published in indexed journal
  • ✔ No retraction or integrity flags

Key findings from this study

This research indicates that:

  • Blîven + nonfinite verb constructions predominantly express nonmutative meanings despite their capacity for mutative interpretation.
  • Middle Low German exhibited semantic convergence across predicative structures using blîven, wērden, and wēsen.
  • Aspectual properties of the nonfinite component influence how the entire periphrastic construction is semantically interpreted.

Overview

This corpus-based study examines the Middle Low German verb blîven in periphrastic constructions combining it with present participles and infinitives across the thirteenth to seventeenth centuries. The analysis identifies the aspectual and semantic properties of these constructions across a broader textual corpus than previous research.

Methods and approach

The study analyzed blîven constructions using a corpus spanning multiple centuries and genres of Middle Low German texts. The analysis compared semantic patterns observed for blîven with those found in parallel constructions using wērden and wēsen. Aspectual interactions between blîven and nonfinite verbs were systematically examined.

Results

Blîven combined with present participles or infinitives expresses both mutative and nonmutative meanings, though nonmutative interpretations predominate regardless of verb form. The aspectual interaction between blîven and the nonfinite component shapes the overall semantic interpretation of these constructions.

Significant semantic convergence emerges among Middle Low German predicative structures when comparing blîven constructions with those using wērden and wēsen. Usage patterns vary across different periods and textual genres within the corpus.

Implications

The findings establish that periphrastic constructions in historical Germanic languages display systematic aspectual behaviors amenable to corpus-based analysis. Understanding the semantic overlap among predicative structures clarifies how multiple verbs can perform functionally similar roles within a single language system during a particular historical period.

These results contribute to broader theoretical understanding of how grammatical categories develop and stabilize in Germanic languages. The corpus methodology enables more reliable assessment of construction semantics than approaches relying on limited textual samples.

Scope and limitations

This summary is based on the study abstract and available metadata. It does not include a full analysis of the complete paper, supplementary materials, or underlying datasets unless explicitly stated. Findings should be interpreted in the context of the original publication.

Disclosure

  • Research title: The Verb Blîven in Middle Low German: A Corpus-Based Analysis of its Semantics in Combination with Present Participles and Infinitives
  • Authors: Marta Woźnicka
  • Institutions: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
  • Publication date: 2026-04-07
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s1470542726100191
  • OpenAlex record: View
  • PDF: Download
  • Image credit: Photo by The New York Public Library on Unsplash (SourceLicense)
  • Disclosure: This post was generated by Claude (Anthropic). The original authors did not write or review this post.

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