INVESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF A HISTORICAL MASONRY ARCH BRIDGE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SOLID AND SHELL ELEMENT MODELS WITH SAP2000

Overview

This investigation examines the dynamic behaviour of a three-span historical masonry arch bridge located in Isparta, Turkey. The research addresses the structural vulnerability of masonry bridges to environmental degradation and seismic events through comparative finite element modeling approaches. Two distinct modeling strategies—solid element and shell element representations—were employed within SAP2000 to characterize the bridge's dynamic response characteristics.

Methods and approach

Finite element models utilizing both solid and shell elements were constructed to represent the Hüyüklü Bridge geometry and material properties. Modal analysis was conducted to extract natural frequencies and mode shapes. Linear time history analysis was performed on both models to evaluate seismic response under dynamic loading conditions. A comparative assessment was undertaken to evaluate the computational and analytical advantages and limitations of each element type in capturing the structural behaviour of historical masonry arch systems.

Key Findings

The study demonstrated differential computational outcomes between solid and shell element models in characterizing the bridge's dynamic response. Modal analysis yielded distinct frequency distributions and mode shape configurations dependent on element type selection. Time history analysis results revealed varying magnitudes and distributions of seismic forces and displacements across the two modeling approaches. The findings identified specific trade-offs between modeling precision, computational intensity, and practical applicability for each element type when applied to masonry arch bridge assessment.

Implications

The comparative analysis provides quantitative evidence regarding the suitability of solid versus shell element formulations for dynamic assessment of historical masonry arch bridges. Results support informed selection of appropriate finite element strategies for structural evaluation protocols in heritage bridge conservation and rehabilitation projects. Findings contribute to enhanced understanding of masonry arch bridge behaviour under seismic conditions, facilitating more accurate risk assessment for structures of historical and cultural significance.