Category: International economics

Chinese steel exporters showed lagged responses to expected CBAM costs
Analysis of Chinese steel exporters’ responses to anticipated EU carbon border policies, showing pricing serves as primary adjustment mechanism with significant lagged effects.

REER changes do not significantly affect EU trade balances
Study finds exchange rate movements don’t significantly affect EU trade balances; domestic absorption and inflation prove more important drivers of external adjustment.

Global tariffs converged long-term, then diverged after 2018 in the U.S.
Study analyzes global tariff dynamics from 1990-2020, revealing long-term convergence until 2018 when U.S. tariff escalation triggers fragmentation in the multilateral trading system.

Exchange rate shifts affected only three of fifteen industries
Industry-level analysis of S-curve exchange rate effects on Pakistan-Japan bilateral trade reveals limited efficacy of depreciation for improving trade balance outcomes.





