Concept: Dopamine
Single transient exposure to low-frequency low-intensity electrical stimulation produces ketamine-like effects in human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons via Ca2+-dependent BDNF and mTOR signaling
Electrical stimulation mimics ketamine's effects on dopamine neurons

Cholinergic modulation of dopamine release drives effortful behaviour
How acetylcholine amplifies dopamine to motivate effortful behaviour




