Category: Engineering
Microvascular health varied across advanced heart failure treatments
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The study found that microcirculatory dysfunction, meaning impaired small-vessel blood flow, varies across advanced heart failure and its treatments. It was most severe in patients resuscitated from cardiogenic shock and in heart transplant recipients. Why the authors say this matters The authors conclude that restoring large-scale blood flow, or macrohemodynamics, does…
Microgravity lowers the jamming point of granular materials
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in EngineeringWhat the study found Granular materials jam at a lower packing density in microgravity than on Earth. The study also found that, in microgravity, cohesive interparticle forces increase the stress needed for granular media to flow. Why the authors say this matters The authors say understanding granular behavior in low gravity is crucial for planetary…
Froude scaling collapses granular impact trajectories across gravity
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The study found that impact behavior into cohesionless granular media can remain qualitatively similar across different gravitational conditions when initial velocities are scaled using the Froude number, a dimensionless quantity that relates speed, gravity, and length scale. Why the authors say this matters The authors suggest this points to an underlying…
Toggled magnetic fields drive continual restructuring of ribbonlike colloids
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in EngineeringWhat the study found Ribbonlike aggregates formed in paramagnetic colloidal suspensions showed ongoing dynamic instabilities when an external field was toggled on and off. These instabilities included spontaneous emission of small aggregates, merging, and splitting, and they increased total motion in the suspension. Why the authors say this matters The authors suggest that the dynamic…
Vibration effects on lunar regolith simulants depend on particle size and direction
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The simulants showed different convective behavior depending on particle size and whether vibrations were vertical or horizontal. Vertical vibrations strengthened convective motion as average particle size increased, while horizontal vibrations generally produced stronger convection as average particle size decreased. Why the authors say this matters The study suggests this matters because…
CVD-enabled perovskite solar cells reached 19% semitransparent efficiency
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The study found that an asymmetric small molecule substrate, CPP-2PACz, helped improve chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of perovskite films. The resulting semitransparent perovskite solar cells reached 19.0% efficiency. Why the authors say this matters The authors say low-pressure CVD is promising for perovskite photovoltaics commercialization, but its performance is limited…
ACE model describes diverse Si-H structures
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The authors present a machine-learned interatomic potential for the silicon-hydrogen system that can describe crystalline and amorphous bulk structures, surfaces, and molecules. They say it covers a wide range of Si-H phases. Why the authors say this matters The study suggests this may help explore large structural models of amorphous silicon-hydrogen…
Fourier-Bessel uncertainty result for relatively dense sets
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The authors show an analogue of the classical Paneah-Logvinenko-Sereda theorem for the Fourier-Bessel transform. In this setting, if a set E in the positive real numbers is relatively dense with respect to the measure μ_α, then the L2 norm of a function can be controlled by its L2 norm on E,…
Guide recommends policies for pedestrian crossing safety
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in EngineeringWhat the study found The guide provides best practices for selecting countermeasures at uncontrolled pedestrian crossing locations. It also notes that agencies may use it to develop a customized policy or supplement existing local decision-making guidelines. Why the authors say this matters The authors say that focusing on uncontrolled crossing locations can help address a…
Brake pad materials differ in thermal and structural performance
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in EngineeringFinite element simulation of ceramic, semi-metallic, and non-asbestos organic brake pads reveals thermal, structural, and wear performance differences under braking conditions.
